• Cash may be withdrawn from UAH accounts in the amount of up to UAH 100,000 per day (in Ukraine) and up to the equivalent of UAH 12,500 per every 7 days (outside of Ukraine). No limit applies to withdrawals in Ukraine of salary, social payments, and withdrawals in the bank branches situated in the local communities within the area of ​​military (combat) operations, or under temporary occupation or encirclement (blockade) (hereinafter - "Dangerous Territories") [1], and abroad - by the staff of military attaches and representatives of the Ministry of Defense of Ukraine at foreign diplomatic missions of Ukraine (“Military Staff”).
   

• Cash from the foreign currency accounts may be withdrawn in cash in the amount of up to the equivalent of UAH 100,000 per day (in Ukraine as well as abroad). No limit applies to withdrawals in Ukraine by any client in the bank branches situated at the Dangerous Territories. Restrictions on cash withdrawals abroad do not apply to the Military Staff.
   

• Foreign currency may be sold to the banks - in cash and cashless form, and to non-banking institutions and Ukrposhta - in cash.
   

• Purchase of currency values:

  • On April 14, 2022, the NBU allowed the banks to sell to individuals the surplus of foreign currency cash which they receive from FX transactions.

  • Individuals may purchase non-cash foreign currency in an amount not exceeding the equivalent of UAH 200,000 per calendar month to place a deposit with the same bank for a period of at least three calendar months without the right to early termination. Such purchased currency can be credited to the deposit account without prior crediting to the current account of an individual.

  • Individuals may also purchase non-cash US dollars for hryvnias placed in a current account at the official NBU exchange rate with subsequent placement of the purchased currency on deposit account. The period of deposit shall be at least 6 calendar months without the right to top up the deposit and without the right of early termination. The difference lies in the return of such funds: after its expiration, the deposit together with accrued interest shall be returned in hryvnias at the official NBU exchange rate applicable as at the time of return, hence this instrument constitutes a protection from currency fluctuations and inflation.

  • Individuals are allowed to purchase non-cash foreign currency up to the equivalent of 50,000 Ukrainian hryvnias per calendar month in a single bank without submitting any justification or documents confirming respective obligations  at the exchange rate set by the bank on the transaction date. Such purchased currency shall be credited directly to the current account of an individual.

  • Bank metals (with physical delivery) may also be purchased in the bank branches (with some restrictions). Apart from that foreign currency may be purchased for carrying out the operations which are permitted according to the Resolution (see below).

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• Cross-border transfers from Ukraine suspended. Exceptions that may be relevant to individuals include payments for import of goods stipulated by the Resolution of the CMU “On certain issues related to ensuring import” No.153 dated 24 February 2022 (provided that the supply of goods is after 23 February 2021), payments for medical services abroad, as well as related transportation and repatriation (including related payments of insurers), payments for education abroad, and payments to certain international financial institutions.

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• Residents are free to spend electronic payment means (e.g. cards/tokens) abroad for payments for goods, works and services, in the amount of up to UAH 100,000 per calendar month from local currency accounts, and without limits - from foreign currency accounts.. The NBU has vested the banks with a discretion not to apply such restrictions to individuals who carry out volunteering activities in the case of the purchase of certain categories of goods subject to certain conditions: (i) operations on the volunteer's account are typical for this individual and the volume of operations carried out on the volunteer's account/accounts exceeded UAH 100,000 per calendar month before July 21, 2022; (ii) submission to the bank of a letter from a state body/military unit regarding cooperation with the volunteer and ordering goods of respective purpose, if the amount of such operation/operations per calendar month exceeds the equivalent of UAH 400,000, (iii) provision of an estimated cost (calculation) of goods and the terms of order fulfillment; (iv) the volunteer must inform the bank about the collection of funds for the purpose of payments. The bank may discontinue carrying out operations which exceed the above amount in case it has obtained information from open sources regarding the unfair practices of the said volunteer.

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• Payments on the basis of a specific permit from the NBU are allowed.

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• p2p transfers between individuals, on their foreign currency bank cards, have been limited to the equivalent of UAH 100,000 per month, and on local currency cards – prohibited (since 5 October 2022). Quasi-cash transactions (purchase of cryptocurrency, replenishment of e-wallet / brokerage / forex accounts, cashing of traveler’s checks / payments to betting companies, purchase of gift cards etc.) may be carried out within the same limit, but only out of the funds available at foreign currency accounts.

• Servicemen of the armed forces who are non-residents are allowed to transfer their allowance in the amount not exceeding the equivalent of 400,000 hryvnias per calendar month. Such operations may be carried out through a bank in which an account has been opened for receiving such allowance.

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On specifics of payments under contracts please see section Payments under contracts.

 

Determination of the exchange rate of currencies and bank metals
 

• Starting 03 October 2023, the NBU has transitioned to a regime of managed exchange rate flexibility. Henceforth, similar to the period before 24 February 2022, the official exchange rate will be determined based on the results of trading sessions in the interbank market, rather than being set  directive, as was the case for over 17 months (24 February 2022, to 02 October 2023). The price of bank metals is calculated based on the cross-rate to the US dollar. Banks will independently determine the buying and selling rates of foreign currency.
   

• It is important to note that this regime does not signify an irreversible return to a floating exchange rate system. According to the words of NBU Governor Andriy Pyshny, an irreversible return is not currently being considered. Instead, the emphasis was on achieving a structural milestone as outlined in the memorandum submitted by the Government of Ukraine to participate in the IMF program. Since the NBU has previously intervened in currency trading, there seems to be no fundamental difference in the mechanism between October 2023 and, let's say, October 2020.

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Restrictions related to aggressor countries
 

No cards/tokens (electronic payment means) issued by the participants of international card payment systems operating in Russia and Belarus shall be accepted in Ukraine, and no funds may be credited to the accounts of Ukrainian residents from such cards/tokens [2].

 

Transactions with cryptocurrencies
 

Purchase and sale of cryptocurrency are possible within the limits set by the NBU.

 

Operation of bank branches
 

The NBU has also ordered that commercial banks operate their branches and replenish cash in ATMs in usual mode. No limitations apply to cashless payments. The amount of cash foreign currency that banks can offer to individuals will include the entire amount of non-cash currency purchased by banks since 13 April 2022, not half of it as was established until September 5, 2022.

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For other restrictions, in particular those on legal entities, see the answer to question on Currency restrictions for business.